氫氧化鉀化學(xué)式:KOH，能溶于水和乙醇，在溶解時(shí)會(huì )發(fā)出大量的熱量，具有強堿性和腐蝕性，當其暴露在空氣中時(shí)極易吸收空氣中的水分而發(fā)生潮解，或吸收空氣中的二氧化碳生成碳酸鉀。
Potassium hydroxide chemical formula: Koh, soluble in water and ethanol, when dissolved, it will emit a lot of heat, with strong alkaline and corrosive, when it is exposed to the air, it is very easy to absorb water in the air and deliquescence, or absorb carbon dioxide in the air to generate potassium carbonate.
氫氧化鉀乙醇溶液的主要用途一般是用作鹵代烴發(fā)生消去反應，消去反應的定義是:有機化合物砸一定條件下，從一個(gè)分子中脫去一個(gè)小分子，而生成不飽和化合物的反應?；瘜W(xué)實(shí)驗上使用氫氧化鉀乙醇液進(jìn)行鹵代烴發(fā)生消去反應而不是水溶液是因為乙醇能是溴乙烷充分溶解，而氫氧化鉀水溶液反應會(huì )朝著(zhù)水解的方向進(jìn)行。其消去反應的化學(xué)式子為:
The main use of potassium hydroxide ethanol solution is generally used for the elimination reaction of halogenated hydrocarbons. The definition of elimination reaction is: under certain conditions, organic compounds remove a small molecule from a molecule and generate unsaturated compounds. In chemical experiments, potassium hydroxide ethanol solution is used for halogenated hydrocarbon elimination reaction instead of aqueous solution because ethanol can dissolve bromoethane fully, while potassium hydroxide aqueous solution reaction will proceed in the direction of hydrolysis. The chemical formula of the elimination reaction is as follows:
氫氧化鉀具有強烈的腐蝕，人體吸入后會(huì )強烈刺激呼吸道，造成灼傷，皮膚和眼直接接觸可引起灼傷，口服灼傷消化道，可致死。所以在使用或配置氫氧化鉀溶液時(shí)需要小心操作，必要時(shí)佩戴相應多的防具，以防損傷。
Potassium hydroxide has strong corrosion, which will strongly stimulate the respiratory tract after inhalation, causing burns. Direct contact with skin and eyes can cause burns. Oral burning of digestive tract can cause death. Therefore, in the use or configuration of potassium hydroxide solution need to be careful operation, if necessary, wear corresponding more armor to prevent damage.